Articles or essays published within edited volumes are rarely cataloged individually and only occasionally listed in periodical indexes, so bibliographies and indexes that capture such research are extremely valuable.
The only way to know whether a print index includes articles published within books is to read the introduction to the index.
Occasionally, the Library of Congress catalog record for a collection of articles includes a note section with the titles and authors of each individual article. These are searchable online by keyword or as a note.
Read the description for online databases to determine whether they include anthologies and essays.
How would a researcher studying eighteenth-century widows know that an article on this subject appeared in a collection of essays entitled Women's Experience in America?
Women's Experience in America by Would someone looking for details on women shipyard workers think to look in Hidden Aspects of Women's Work?
Hidden Aspects of Women's Work by Print sources used to identify the above sources include:
Anthologies by and about Women: An Analytical Index by An Index to Women's Studies Anthologies: Research across the Disciplines, 1980-1984 by An Index to Women's Studies Anthologies Research across the Disciplines, 1985-1989 by The subscription resources marked with a padlock 
are available to researchers on-site at the Library of Congress. If you are unable to visit the Library, you may be able to access these resources through your local public or academic library.
Search broader online indexes using Library of Congress subject headings (such as "Woman," "Marriage," "Divorce") or keywords such as "Gender," "LGBT," or "Feminist theology," among many others. Examples of online indexes include:
