DEFINITION

A format of musical score reproduced by the diazo chemical printing process.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

"Ozalid" is a trademark name to reference specific color variations, such as blueline and black-line prints. See the glossary entries for black-line score and blueline score for more details. Images in the gallery below are color variations within the general category of ozalids.

DEFINITION

Records kept by an individual or family.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

The Music Division holds papers of performers, composers, lyricists, choreographers, dancers, theater producers, designers, and playwrights. The word "papers" appears in the title of special collections created by such individuals or families.

Examples of these collections include the Howard Ashman Papers, Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco Papers, Franko Goldman Family Papers, and Jane Dudley Papers.

DEFINITION

Material made of stretched sheep or goat skin used for manuscript pages.

RELATED TERM

vellum

NOTES & EXAMPLES

Materials in the Music Division made of parchment include chant manuscripts from Medieval and Renaissance Europe. 

DEFINITION

Music for a single voice or instrument from an ensemble.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

Parts are used by a single performer or by multiple performers who perform the same music within an ensemble. Parts exist as handwritten or annotated primary sources, rare or first editions, and widely published materials.

Parts exists for:

• jazz ensembles, such as combos or big bands;
• military bands, symphonic bands, and wind ensembles
• symphony, chamber, and string orchestras
• chamber ensembles, such as solo voice or instrument with piano, piano trios, string quartets, or wind quintets

Music Division finding aids, LC Online Catalog records, and digitized item records will indicate "scores and parts" or "parts" to describe the contents within a title.

Explore a variety of parts in the gallery below!

DEFINITION

Score with lines of music for all vocal parts with a piano accompaniment.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

Piano-vocal scores appear throughout Music Division collections as sketches, holograph scores, copyist manuscripts, and published editions. Genres include art song and popular music.

Explore the gallery below for examples of piano-vocal scores!

DEFINITION

History of a collection or item's creation and ownership.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

Provenance is a guiding principle in archives and special collections to ensure authenticity and ethical acquisitions. Organizations, individuals, families, auction houses, and dealers may all be sources of acquisition and part of the chain of custody for a collection or item. Finding aids for special collections indicate provenance when known for transparency.

DEFINITION

A three-dimensional object.

NOTES & EXAMPLES

In Music Division collections, you will find many kinds of realia, including musical instruments, medals, death masks, busts, dance production props, and more.

Realia contained within special collections are listed in finding aids. Jump to the Realia series of the Herbert L. Kirk Collection and the Realia series of the Laurindo Almeida Papers to see examples of how a variety of realia are described.

Scroll through the gallery below to explore examples of realia!

DEFINITION

A keyboard arrangement of an ensemble work.

RELATED TERM

piano score

NOTES & EXAMPLES

The image at left is a piano reduction of Aaron Copland's Third Symphony. The original work is for symphony orchestra. This score reduces the full orchestration to be playable by one pianist.

Some reductions, such as Igor Stravinsky's Concertino for string quartet, contain a piano reduction for four hands (two pianists) within the full string quartet score.