New York

Noteworthy Italian American periodicals from the state of New York are highlighted in this section of the guide. The image galleries on this page feature images of the the daily newspaper L'Eco d'Italia, the monthly periodical Il Carroccio, the anarchist newspaper L'Adunata dei Refrattari, and the antifascist periodical Il Traditore, published in New York city. These images are photographs of the periodicals taken by the editor of the guide that are not available in the Library of Congress's digital collections. The periodical titles link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog.

L'Eco d'Italia. (New York, New York), Saturday, April 24, 1875. Library of Congress Newspapers and Current Periodicals.

Il Carroccio. Rivista mensile di coltura propaganda e difesa italiana in America diretta da Agostino De Biasi (New York, New York), February, 1915. First issue of the paper. Library of Congress General Collections.

Il Carroccio. Rivista mensile di coltura propaganda e difesa italiana in America diretta da Agostino De Biasi. (New York, New York), February, 1915. The paper's manifesto. Library of Congress General Collections.

Select the title of any periodical listed below to view fuller bibliographic information for that item in the Library of Congress Online Catalog. Links to electronic versions are provided when available. Links to full-text articles available through the subscription databases in the Library of Congress E-Resources Online Catalog are only accessible onsite. Also, see the "Databases & External Websites" section of this guide.

Periodicals 1860-1920
Periodicals 1921-1950

L'Eco d'Italia (New York, New York) by Gian Francesco Secchi De Casali; Felice Tocci
Call Number: Newspaper 8829-X
Published/Created: 1850-1894
Publisher: Not identified.
Languages: Italian.
LC Holdings: Bound Volumes: 1857: Jan.3-Dec.19; 1858: Jan.2, Jan.9; 1859: Mar.29-Dec.17; 1866: Jan.6-Sept.29; 1867: Feb.9-Dec.27; 1868: Jan.17-Dec.24; 1870: Jan.1-Dec.14; 1871: Apr.15-Nov.29; 1872: Jan.20-Dec.18; 1873: Jan.4-Dec.31; 1874: Jan.3-Nov.28; 1875: Jan.20-May 12; 1876: Jan.1-Dec.?; 1877: Jan.3-Dec. 22; 1878: Jan.2-Nov.20; 1879: Feb.5-May 31; 1879: June 7-14; 1879: July 16; 1879: Aug.6-13; 1879: Nov. 8; 1881: Feb.12-Sept.5 (in vault: 1863: Dec.3; 1864: Jan.1-Mar.3; 1864: June 11; 1865: Feb.3-Dec.30).
LC Location: Newspaper & Current Periodical Reading Room.
Notes: L'Eco d'Italia was one of the first most important Italian language newspapers in the United States with a daily frequency. It was owned and edited by the Italian exile Gian Francesco Secchi De Casali who had fled to the United States in 1844, at the height of the Italian revolutionary period that led to the Italian independence and unification in 1861. The unification of Italy and its aftermath were the central political issues of Secchi De Casali's newspaper. Felice Tocci, a banker, became the proprietor and publisher of Eco d'Italia and Rivista Commerciale Italo-Americana. He was the owner of the Banca Tocci in New York and the publishing house Libreria dell' Eco [for information on Felice Tocci, see New York (State). Supreme Court, et al. New York Supplement. St. Paul: West Pub. Covol. 12 (1891): 288. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100682352 External The paper merged with Rivista Italo-Americana to become Eco d'Italia Rivista Italo-Americana.
Bibliographic Sources: Bosi, Alfredo. Cinquant’anni di vita italiana in America. New York: Bagnasco Press, 1921. Danky, James P. and Wayne A. Wiegand, eds. Print Culture in a Diverse America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998. Deschamps, Bénédicte. "'The cornerstone is laid': Italian American Memorial Building in New York City and Immigrants’ Right to the City at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." European journal of American studies 10, no. 3 (2015). Open Edition Journals External Lapomarda, Vincent A. "Press, Italian American." In The Italian American Experience: An Encyclopedia. LaGumina, Salvatore, et al., eds. 509-18. New York: Garland Publishing, 2000. Luconi, Stefano. "The Italian-Language Press, Italian American Voters, and Political Intermediation in Pennsylvania in the Interwar Years." The International Migration Review 33, no. 4 (1999): 1031-61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2547362 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Marraro, Howard R. "Italians in New York in the Eighteen Fifties: Part I." New York History 30, no. 2 (1949): 181-203. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23148214 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Stahle, Patrizia Famà. The Italian Emigration of Modern Times: Relations between Italy and the United States Concerning Emigration Policy, Diplomacy and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment, 1870-1927. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016.
The Italian Review. Il Carroccio (New York, New York) by Agostino de Biasi
Call Number: AP38 .C3
Published/Created: 1915-1935; suspended 1928-31
Publisher: Il Carroccio Pub. Co.
Languages: Italian and English.
LC Holdings: Bound Volumes and Digital Format: No information about all holdings available yet; available online from HathiTrust: catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000055908 External
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: Founded as a monthly by Agostino De Biasi in 1915, Il Carroccio centered on the promotion of Italian national interests and culture in the U.S. It mainly served as a vehicle for fascist propaganda during the height of Mussolini's regime. Agostino De Biasi was one of the eight children of Giuseppe De Biasi, a prominent lawyer in Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi (province of Avellino in Campania, Italy). Agostino De Biasi was the first of family to emigrate to the U.S. in 1900. In New York, he immediately started working for Il Progresso Italo-Americano becoming its editor-in-chief. Through Il Carroccio, he intended to report Italy's engagement in WWI. He also established the New York fascio (league). In spite of Agostino De Biasi's loyalty to the fascist cause, he lost the support of the fascist regime in 1927. Il Carroccio was banned from Italy and ceased publication between 1928 and 1931. After resuming briefly, it officially ceased in 1935.
Bibliographic Sources: Cannistraro, Philip V. Blackshirts in Little Italy: Italian Americans and Fascism 1921-1929. West Lafayette, IN: Bordighera P, 1999. Danky, James P. and Wayne A. Wiegand. Print culture in a diverse America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.

L'Adunata dei Refrattari (New York, New York) by Nick Di Domenico (editor); Efisio Costantino Zonchello; Ilario Margarita; Max Sartin; Armando Borghi
Call Number: HX821 .A3
Published/Created: April 15, 1922- April 24, 1971
Publisher: Pasquale Turano (until June 1941); Donato Lapenna.
LC Holdings: Bound volumes: v.6-7: 1927 Feb. 26-1928 Apr.; v. 7-10: 1928 May-1931 Dec. 26; v. 11-12: 1932 July 23-1933 July 1; v.13 ?; v. 14: 1935: Feb. 16; v.15 ?; v. 16: 1937 May 29-June 5; v. 17-18: 1938-1939; v. 19: 1940; v. 20: 1941; v. 20-39. Microfilm:1949: Jan.8-1961: Dec.23. Paul Avrich Collection (Rare Book and Special Collections Division) : v 44: 5 (March 20, 1965), 7, (April 3, 1965); v. 46: 14-15, (July 8-22, 1967); v. 47: 8, (April 13, 1968), 12 (June 8, 1968),15-18 (July 20-Aug. 31, 1968); v. 49: 1 (Jan. 3, 1970), 4 (March 28, 1970), v. 50: 1-4 (Jan. 30-April 24, 1971).
LC Location: Jefferson and Adams Buildings Reading Rooms. Rare Book and Special Collections Reading Room.
Notes: L'Adunata dei Refrattari was the most important Italian American anarchist publication not only for its long duration (1922-1971), but also for the range of its international circulation. In 1920, L'Adunata dei Refrattari formed a Committee for the Defense of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti with Carlo Tresca (see Il Proletario, Illinois) and Aldino Felicani (see Controcorrente, Massachusetts). It was first published as a fortnighly until 1923 when it became a weekly. Editors were Efisio Costantino Zonchello (1922-1925), an immigrant from Borore (Sardinia, Italy); Ilario Margarita (1927-1928), an immigrant from Castelrosso (Piedmont, Italy); and, Max Sartin, pseudonym for Raffaele Schiavina (1928-?), and immigrant from Ferrara (Emilia Romagna, Italy). The anti-organization and individualistic ideology that informed L'Adunata isolated it from other Italian radical papers and movements. Other titles also in English: Refractaries' Adunation, Jan. 13-Nov. 17, 1934; Call of the Refractaries, Nov. 24, 1934-Apr. 24, 1971. Also available in Microfilm: http://lccn.loc.gov/sn94091771.
Bibliographic Sources: Antonioli, Maurizio, et al. Dizionario biografico degli anarchici italiani. Pisa: BFS, 2003-2004. Cannistraro, Philip and Gerald Meyer. The lost world of Italian American radicalism: politics, labor, and culture. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Giulietti, Fabrizio. Dizionario biografico degli anarchici piemontesi. Casalvelino Scalo (Salerno): Galzerano, 2013. Hoerder, Dirk (ed.). The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.
Il Nuovo Mondo (New York, New York) by Vincenzo Vacirca; Luigi Antonini
Call Number: Newspaper Microfilm 1345
Published/Created: Nov. 16, 1925-Nov. 29, 1931
Publisher: Avanti News Co.
Languages: Italian.
LC Holdings: Microfilm: 1925:Nov.16-1931:Nov.29.
LC Location: Newspaper & Current Periodical Reading Room.
Notes: Il Nuovo Mondo was the first antifascist daily newspaper to appear outside Italy. Antifascism in the United States was organized as early as the equivalent movement in Italy (1924-25) by a group of labor organizers, anarchists, and socialists such as Luigi Antonini (1883-1968), the general secretary of a local section of the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union (see Legal, Trade, and Labor Periodicals, New York). Antonini collaborated closely with other relevant socialists and anarchists such as Carlo Tresca (Il Proletario, New York) and Girolamo Valente (La Parola, New York). Another relevant editor of Il Nuovo Mondo was the socialist Vincenzo Vacirca (1886-1956). The paper included contributions from the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and Avanti News Co., Inc. It was initially boycotted by fascist supporters and advertising was discontinued. In August 1926 the paper published the Manifesto of the Antifascist Alliance of North America. Then, in July 1927, fascists plundered the printing office and police arrested the editors.
Bibliographic Sources: Cannistraro, Philip V. "Luigi Antonini and the Italian Anti-Fascist Movement in the United States, 1940-1943." Journal of American Ethnic History 5, no. 1 (1985): 21-40. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27500414 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Delzell, Charles F. "The Italian Anti-Fascist Resistance in Retrospect: Three Decades of Historiography." The Journal of Modern History 47, no. 1 (1975): 66-96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1878922 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Diggins, John P. Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1972. Hoerder, Dirk (ed.) The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Pernicone, Nunzio. "Early Anti-Fascist Activities." In Pernicone Carlo Tresca: portrait of a rebel. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005
Il Mondo (New York, New York) by Giuseppe Lupis; Gaetano Salvemini
Call Number: D410 .M67
Published/Created: Sep 15, 1938-Aug 1941
Publisher: Mondo Publishing Co.
Language: Italian and English.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: v.1-v.3 (1938-1940) Inventory in Progress; v.4: (1941:Jan.-Aug.) Includes 1941 issues of later title: Mondo mensile.
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: Published in Italian with English sections, Il Mondo was an antifascist monthly periodical that became the unofficial organ of the antifascist Mazzini Society founded in 1939 by Gaetano Salvemini (1873-1957). Salvemini was an Italian politician, an antifascist activist, and intellectual who fled to the United States in 1927 to escape Mussolini's regime. He opposed resistance to the Fascist Regime forming relevant militant groups such as Giustizia e Libertà. He taught at Harvard University, published important works about Mussolini and the Fascists Regime. He collaborated with Italian antifascists émigrés such as Max Ascoli (1898-1978) and Carlo Sforza (1872-1952). Il Mondo's emphasis was on exposing the activities of fascist sympathizers in the United States.
Bibliographic Sources: Hoerder, Dirk (ed.) The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Killinger, Charles. "Gaetano Salvemini: antifascism in thought and action." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 15, no. 5 (2010): 657-677. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571X.2010.523535 External (from the subscription database Taylor & Francis Online available onsite). Lee, Jessica Harriet. “To the Seventh Generation” Italians and the Creation of an American Political Identity, 1921-1948. (Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University, 2016). https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D8BG2P74 External Salvemini, Gaetano. Italian fascist activities in the U.S., by Dr. Gaetano Salvemini. Why tolerate Mussolini's agents? By Prof. William Y. Elliott. Washington, DC: American Council on Public Affairs, 1940.
L'Unità del Popolo (New York, New York) by Gino Bardi; Mary Testa; Ambrogio Donini; Giuseppe Berti
Call Number: Newspaper Microfilm 1360
Published/Created: April 1939-July 10, 1954
Publisher: L'Unita' Pub. Ass.
Languages: Italian and English.
LC Holdings: Microfilm: 1940: July 6-Dec.28; 1941: Jan.11-Sept.6; 1941: Sept.20-Oct.4; 1941: Oct.18-1942: Nov.14; 1942: Nov.28-1943: Jan.2; 1943: Jan.16-1951: Aug.11.
LC Location: Newspaper & Current Periodical Reading Room.
Notes: L'Unità dl Popolo's first issue appeared in New York City on March 25, 1939 as was an eight-page weekly (with one page in English) costing five cents per copy and $2.00 for an annual subscription. During World War II, it appeared twice per week in reduced size of six or four pages. It became a tabloid in 1950. It succeeded Il Lavoratore (1924-1931), L’Unità Operaia, (1932-1938), and the short-lived Il Popolo as the organ of the Italian Americans supporting communist ideology. The paper’s support derived from the Garibaldi American Fraternal Society, the Italian section of the Communist Party’s fraternal organization, the International Workers Order (IWO). The headquarters of L’Unità at 80 East 11th Street reflected its ties to organizations and unions influenced by communism: the Furniture Workers’ Joint Council, the Labor Research Association, and La Parola, the Italian-language weekly associated with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union. The editors and contributors Giuseppe Berti (1901-1979) and Ambrogio Donini (1903-1991) were important Italian communist exiles who contributed to the foundation and activity of this newspaper.
Bibliographic Sources: Biscione, Francesco M. "Berti, Giuseppe." In Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani vol. 34. Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 1988). https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giuseppe-berti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ External Cannistraro, Philip and Gerald Meyer. The Lost World of Italian American Radicalism: Politics, Labor, and Culture. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Meyer, Gerald. "L’Unità del Popolo: The Voice of Italian American Communism, 1939-1951." The Italian American Review (Summer-Spring 2001): 121-156.
La Parola (New York, New York) by Arturo Giovannitti; Girolamo Valenti
Call Number: HX7 .P27
Published/Created: 1939-1947?
Publisher: Italian Socialist Autonomous Federation.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: 1939:July-1947.
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: La Parola was a weekly socialist newspaper (1922, 1933, 1936, 1938-1940) edited by Girolamo Valenti (Valguarnera, Sicily, 1892-New York, 1958) an Italian antifascist who immigrated from Sicily to the United States in 1911. Valenti helped organize the Italian Socialist Federation (1913-1916), the Italian Chamber of Labor (1920-1921), and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America (1916-1917). He edited Avanti, the organ of the Italian Socialist Federation (1917-1919), La Folla (1919-1920), La Parola,(ca.1921-ca.1948), and Il Nuovo Mondo as well as its successor La Stampa Libera (ca. 1925-1940s). During World War II, he worked as a consultant for the OSS (Office of Strategic Services). La Parola was published previously in Chicago before moving to New York and it focused on labor issues as well as exposing and condemning Italian American fascist sympathizers. It supported the Mazzini Society. It later changed its title to La Parola del Popolo.
Bibliographic Sources: Bean, Philip A. "Leftists, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Evolution of Italian-American Identity and Politics in Utica's "Colonia"." New York History 87, no. 4 (2006): 423-74. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23183387 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Cannistraro, Philip V. "Luigi Antonini and the Italian Anti-Fascist Movement in the United States, 1940-1943." Journal of American Ethnic History 5, no. 1 (1985): 21-40. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27500414 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). De Lucia, Francesca. "The Impact of Fascism and World War II on Italian-American Communities." Italian Americana 26, no. 1 (2008): 83-95. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41353771 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite).
Mazzini News (New York, New York) by Mazzini Society; Alberto Tarchiani
Call Number: D731 .M37
Published/Created: 1941-1942?
Publisher: Not identified.
Languages: Not identified.
LC Holdings: Bound Volumes: nos. 2-50 (1941: Feb.-1942: Jan.).
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: Mazzini News was associated with the Mazzini Society founded by Gaetano Salvemini (see Il Mondo in this same section) in 1939. Other relevant activists and journalists who were affiliated with the Mazzini Society and its newspaper were: Max Ascoli (1898-1978), Italian Jewish intellectual and author, chair of Philosophy of Law at the University of Rome until he fled from the Fascist Regime in 1932 to the United States. Ascoli became the president of the Society in 1940. The Mazzini Society and its newspaper Mazzini News mainly provided Italian antifascists with a means to persuade the American government and the public to embrace their antifascist cause but it was also became a source to promote democratic ideas.
Bibliographic Sources:Cannistraro, Philip V. "Luigi Antonini and the Italian anti-fascist movement in the United States, 1940–1943." Journal of American Ethnic History 5, no. 1 (1985): 21-40. Fermi, Laura. Illustrious immigrants; the intellectual migration from Europe, 1930-41. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968. Killinger, Charles. "Gaetano Salvemini: Antifascism in Thought and Action." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 15, no. 5 (2010): 657-77. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571X.2010.523535 External (from the subscription database Taylor & Francis Online available onsite).
Mondo Mensile (New York, New York)
Call Number: D410 .M67
Published/Created: Oct. 1941-
Publisher: Mondo Publishing Co.1941-
Languages: Italian and English.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: v.4:no.9-v.4:no.11 (1941:Oct.-Dec.) Bound with earlier title (Mondo); v.5-v.9 (1942-1946).
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: This was the monthly publication that continued Il Mondo (see Il Mondo in this same section above).
Nazioni Unite [The United Nations]. (New York, New York) by Alberto Tarchiani; Mazzini Society
Call Number: DG571.A1 N35
Published/Created: March 5, 1942-Dec 1, 1946
Publisher: The Mazzini Society, 1942-
Languages: Italian and English.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: 1942: Mar. 5-1945: Dec.
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: This was the official organ of the Mazzini Society (see above Mazzini News in this same section). It began as a weekly publication, then became semimonthly. It was an antifascist, anticommunist paper supporting international cooperation for democratic governments. The tone it maintained favored democratic liberalism as a political point of view.
Bibliographic Sources: Camurri, Renato. "Max Ascoli and Italian intellectuals in exile in the United States before the Second World War." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 15, no. 5 (2010): 644-656. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1354571X.2010.523534 External (from the subscription database Taylor & Francis Online available onsite). Miller, James Edward. "Sforza in America: the dilemmas of exile politics, 1940–43." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 15, no. 5 (2010): 678-692. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1354571X.2010.523536 External (from the subscription database Taylor & Francis Online available onsite).
Il Traditore. [The Traitor]. (New York, New York) by Angelica Balabanoff [Anzhelika Balabanova]
Call Number: DG571.A1 B34
Published/Created: June 10, 1942-May 1, 1943
Publisher: Not identified.
Languages: English and Italian.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: no.1-no.8 (1942: June-1943: May).
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: Il Traditore was an antifascist monthly periodical edited and published by Angelica Balabanoff (Chernigov, Ukraine, 1878-Rome, Italy, 1965). Il Traditore contained the serialized story about the origins and development of fascism. Aimed to educate readers about the rise of fascism and Mussolini's influence. She also was a member of the Executive Committee of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and co-editor of its newspaper Avanti!.
Bibliographic Sources: Balabanoff, Angelica. My Life as a Rebel. New York: Greenwood Press, 1968. Cannistraro, Philip V. "Who Was Angelica Balabanoff's "Maria"? A Note on Historical Identification." Science & Society 67, no. 3 (2003): 349-52. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40404765 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Lafont, Maria. The Strange Comrade Balabanoff: The Life of a Communist Rebel. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2016.
L'Italia Libera [Free Italy]. La Legione dell'Italia del Popolo (New York, New York) by Randolfo Pacciardi; Leone Ginzburg; Carlo Levi
Call Number: D731 .I7
Published/Created: Oct. 22, 1942-Dec. 7, 1946
Publisher: Not identified.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: 1942-1946.
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: L'Italia Libera was a monthly/semimonthly paper with antifascist leanings. As with many antifascist Italian American papers before, during, and after World War II, it aimed at creating a united front among Italians who resided in the United States in the fight with the Allies against Mussolini for the liberation of Italy. It was a clandestine paper of the Italian Partito d'Azione, the antifascist militant party engaged in the Italian resistance movement. The first editor was Randolfo Pacciardi (Grosseto, Tuscany, Italy, 1899-Rome, Italy, 1991), a major Italian politician and member of the Italian Republican Party (PRI). He founded an Italian antifascist legion to fight in the Spanish Civil War. Pacciardi joined the Mazzini Society in New York and founded the organization L'Italia Libera and its newspaper. The scholar of Slavic languages and literature at the University of Turin and one of the main antifascist militants in Italy during World War II, Leone Ginzburg (1909-1944) served as its editor until his arrest in 1943. Carlo Levi (Turin, Italy, 1902-Rome, Italy, 1975), the Italian author renowned for his book Cristo si è fermato ad Eboli (Christ stopped at Eboli; 1945) and major antifascist activist within the Giustizia e Libertà group with Nello and Carlo Rosselli, Leone Ginzburg among other relevant Italian antifascists (see Mazzini News and other newspapers above in this same section).
Bibliographic Sources: Cresciani, G. "The Second Awakening: The Italia Libera Movement." Labour History no. 30 (May, 1976): 22-37. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27508214 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Hoerder, Dirk (ed.) The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Remaggi, Luca Polese. "Pacciardi, Randolfo." Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Volume 80. Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 2014. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/randolfo-pacciardi_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/ External
Free Italy (New York, New York)
Call Number: DG572 .F67
Published/Created: 1945-?
Publisher: L'Italia Libera.
Languages: English.
LC Holdings: Bound Volumes: v.1 (1945).
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes: This was the English version of the monthly supplement to L'Italia Libera (see above in this same section).
World Labor Forum (New York, New York) by Frank Bellanca
Call Number: AP2 .W74836
Published/Created: Nov 1948-Aug 1949
Publisher: Not identified.
Languages: English and Italian.
LC Holdings: Bound Volume: 1948-1949.
LC Location: Jefferson or Adams Building Reading Rooms.
Notes:This was a monthly magazine affiliated to labor organizations in New York, in particular the Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union led by Frank Bellanca and his brother August. It aimed to protect Italian American workers' interests by raising political awareness among its readers.
Bibliographic Sources: Asher, Nina. "Dorothy Jacobs Bellanca: Women Clothing Workers And the Runaway Shops." In Jensen J. & Davidson S., eds. A Needle, a Bobbin, a Strike: Women Needleworkers in America. 195-226. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv941x68.14 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Hoerder, Dirk (ed.). The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Topp, Michael Miller. "The Transnationalism of the Italian-American Left: The Lawrence Strike of 1912 and the Italian Chamber of Labor of New York City." Journal of American Ethnic History 17, no. 1 (1997): 39-63. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27502238 External (from the subscription database JSTOR available onsite). Tataryn, Danielle J. " 'La Religione, la Patria, e la Famiglia': Comparison of the Reactions of Italian Americans in Philadelphia and New York City to Fascism, 1910s-1930s." (Thesis Honours Program in History University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 2019). https://open.library.ubc.ca/soa/cIRcle/collections/undergraduateresearch/52966/items/1.0383239 External

L'Adunata dei Refrattari. (New York, New York), Saturday, May 18, 1929. Library of Congress General Collections.

A page spread from L'Adunata dei Refrattari with detail of the cartoon criticizing Mussolini. Library of Congress General Collections.

Il Traditore. (New York, New York). A list of the victims of the Fascist Regime; notice the names of Giacomo Matteotti and Carlo and Nello Rosselli. Library of Congress, General Collections.

Italian American Periodicals at the Library of Congress