The sixteenth president of the United States (1861-65), Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860 and 1864.

First Inauguration - March 4, 1861

Facts*

• Lincoln's procession to the Capitol was surrounded by heavily armed cavalry and infantry, providing an unprecedented amount of protection for the President-elect as the nation stood on the brink of war.

The seventeenth president of the United States, Andrew Johnson assumed the presidency (1865-69) upon the death of Abraham Lincoln.

Oath of Office - April 15, 1865

Facts*

• Abraham Lincoln had been shot at Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865. He died the next day. Johnson took the oath of office in the presence of cabinet members, several Senators and House members, and other dignitaries.

The eighteenth president of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant served two terms as president (1869-77).

First Inauguration - March 4, 1869

Facts*

• Andrew Johnson did not accompany President-elect Grant to the Capitol, nor did he attend the Inaugural ceremonies. Instead, he remained at the White House signing last-minute legislation.

The nineteenth president of the United States, Rutherford B. Hayes served one term as president (1877-81).

Inauguration - March 5, 1877

Facts*

• March 4, 1877 fell on Sunday, so Hayes privately took oath of office on Saturday, March 3, in the White House Red Room to ensure peaceful transition of power; the public Inauguration was on Monday, March 5.

The twentieth president of the United States, James Garfield died in office on September 19, 1881. Garfield was Shot by Charles J. Guiteau at Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Station, Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881. He died two months later.

Inauguration - March 4, 1881

Facts*

• First President to review the Inaugural parade from a stand built in front of the White House.

The twenty-first president of the United States, Chester Arthur assumed the presidency (1881-85) upon the death of James Garfield.

Oath of Office - September 20, 1881

Facts*

• Arthur became president upon the assassination of James Garfield, who was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, in Washington, D.C., and died on September 19, 1881. Former Presidents Hayes and Grant were both present for the swearing-in ceremony on September 22.

The twenty-second and twenty-fourth president of the United States, Grover Cleveland served two terms as president (1885-89 and 1893-97).

First Inauguration - March 4, 1885

Facts*

• Grover Cleveland is the only president to have served two non-consecutive terms, first in 1885 and again later in 1893. He is, therefore, referred to as the 22nd and 24th President of the United States.

The twenty-third president of the United States, Benjamin Harrison served one term as president (1899-93).

Inauguration - March 4, 1889